Septizodium
Le Septizodium est le plus impressionnant des nymphées de Rome et il se dresse sur les flancs du Palatin, au-dessous de la Domus Severiana.
Le Septizodium est un nymphée monumental qui se trouve sur le flanc Sud-Est du Palatin, à proximité de la courbure du Grand Cirque. Il se présente avec trois niveaux de colonnades successifs, ce qui rappelle les murs de scène des grands théâtres. Construit par Septime Sévère, il fut bien conservé à travers les âges, avant que Sixte Quint ne le fasse détruire pour récupérer ses matériaux. L’inscription sur l’architrave était la suivante
Imp(erator) Caes(ar) divi M(arci) Antonini Pii Germ(anici) Sarm(atici) fil(ius) divi Commodi frater divi Antonini Pii nep(os) divi Hadriani pronep(os) divi Traiani Parth(ici) abnep(os) divi Nervae [adnep(os) L(ucius) Septimius Severus Pius Pertinax Aug(ustus) Arab(icus) Adiab(enicus) Parth(icus) max(imus) pont(ifex) max(imus) trib(unicia) pot(estate) XI imp(erator) XI co(n)s(ul) III p(ater) p(atriae) et Imp(erator) Caes(ar) M(arcus) Aurelius Antoninus Pius Felix] Aug(ustus) trib(unicia) pot(estate) VI co(n)s(ul) fortunatissimus nobilissimusque [princeps] (C.I.L. 6, 1032).
« « L’imperator César, fils du divin Marcus Antoninus Pius, vainqueur des Germains et des Sarmates, frère du divin Commode, petit-fils du divin Antonin le Pieux, arrière-petit-fils du divin Hadrien, arrière-arrière-petit-fils du divin Trajan vainqueur des Parthes, arrière-arrière-arrière-petit-fils du divin Nerva, Lucius Septimius Severus Pius Pertinax Auguste, vainqueur des Arabes et des Adiabènes, très grand vainqueur des Parthes, grand pontife, revêtu de la puissance tribunicienne pour la 11ème fois, acclamé 11 fois imperator, 3 fois consul, père de la patrie, et le général César Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Pius Felix Auguste, revêtu de la puissance tribunicienne pour la 6ème fois, consul comblé par la fortune et très noble prince » (trad. G. Mary).
Cliché C. Morineau
Soubassement du Septizodium - Cliché S. Madeleine
Soubassement du Septizodium - Cliché Ph. Fleury
Septizodium - (Documentation : G. Mary et Ph. Fleury – Infographie : C. Morineau et N. Lefèvre, 2022)
Septizodium - (Documentation : G. Mary et Ph. Fleury – Infographie : C. Morineau et N. Lefèvre, 2022)
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