Vmbilicus Vrbis Romae
L’Vmbilicus Vrbis Romae se trouve sur le Forum Romain, à l’arrière des Rostres d’Auguste. Il s’agit du nombril de la ville de Rome, donc de son centre symbolique.
L’édifice tel qu’on le découvre dans le modèle virtuel, de même que la base qui est encore visible à Rome aujourd’hui, datent tous deux de l’époque des Sévères, une dynastie d’empereurs qui a régné sur Rome entre 193 et 235 ap. J.-C. L’original, qui était bien plus ancien, avait probablement souffert au moment de la construction de l’arc de Septime Sévère. On pense donc que cet édicule a été restauré une fois l’arc terminé. L’Vmbilicus Vrbis Romae fait pendant au milliaire d’or, une borne qui marque le kilomètre zéro des routes romaines et qui se trouve de l’autre côté des rostres.
L’Vmbilicus a disparu sur la maquette de P. Bigot.
L’umbilicus Vrbis Romae à gauche au premier plan - L’umbilicus Vrbis Romae à gauche au premier plan
Vmbilicus Vrbis Romae
Au centre. À gauche, l’arc de Septime Sévère ; à droite les rostres d’Auguste et le milliaire d’or - (Documentation : Ph. Fleury et S. Madeleine – Infographie : C. Morineau et N. Lefèvre, 2017)
A l’arrière plan. Au premier plan, le milliaire d’or ; à gauche, le podium du temple de Saturne ; à droite les rostres d’Auguste - (Documentation : Ph. Fleury et S. Madeleine – Infographie : C. Morineau et N. Lefèvre, 2017)
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Gorski G. et Packer J.E., « The umbilicus urbis Romae / mundus », dans The Roman forum: a reconstruction and architectural guide, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2015, p. 155‑159.
Middleton J.H., « The Rostra and the Graecostasis with the Umbilicus Romae and the Milliarium Aureum », Archaeologia, vol. 49, 1886, p. 424 sq.