Colonne de Marc Aurèle
La Colonne de Marc Aurèle, comparable à la colonne de Trajan sur de nombreux aspects, se trouve sur le Champ de Mars.
Le long de la uia Flaminia, aujourd’hui via Del Corso, ce monument est resté presque intact. Élevé à la gloire de Marc Aurèle et imitant la Colonne de Trajan, il raconte les exploits guerriers de l’empereur. Probablement élevée entre 181 et 195 ap. J.-C., la colonne, composée de vingt tambours, raconte les épisodes marquants des guerres de Marc Aurèle, contre les Germains et les Sarmates, en commençant par le franchissement du Danube, les deux campagnes étant séparées par la figure de la Victoire. Cet empereur plus philosophe que guerrier mourut pourtant au front.
Formé de blocs de marbre blanc, avec un escalier en spirale à l’intérieur et cinquante-six fenêtres rectangulaires, ce monument est couronné par un chapiteau dorique. Seule sa hauteur originelle de 52 m environ a été altérée de 4 m par la surélévation de la rue et de la place. Le soubassement primitif, très haut, mesurait 10,50 m et était décoré, sur trois côtés, d’une frise de Victoires et de festons, détruite par le pape Sixte Quint en 1589. Celui-ci, par ailleurs, fit restaurer la colonne et plaça à son sommet la statue en bronze de Saint-Paul.
Cette colonne est certainement l’œuvre d’un groupe de sculpteurs, et les dessins eux-mêmes ont dû être conçus par plusieurs artistes. Les sujets sont plus grands que ceux de la colonne de Trajan, le relief plus accentué, et cela, au détriment de la finesse du travail. On voit là une tendance à la simplification, à la schématisation, qui annonce déjà un style qui sera celui du IIIe siècle.
Elément non renseigné - Cliché Ch.Morineau
Colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Colonne de Marc-Aurèle
Colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Colonne de Marc-Aurèle
Détail du bas de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Détail du bas de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle
Le haut de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Le haut de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle
Détail de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Détail de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle
Détail de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle - Détail de la colonne de Marc-Aurèle
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